Boron Chemistry And Applications To Cancer Treatment Pdf Download
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Currently, there are two main kinds of boron carriers, which are BPA and BSH. BPA, the first generation of boron carriers, is non-specific and has low solubility in aqueous solution. It has low boron concentration in tumors, and for BPA-BNCT, the maximum dose is limited to 20 to 30 mg/kg [30]. BSH, the second generation of boron carriers, is a synthetic small molecular compound with a boron concentration that is 5 to 10 times higher than that of BPA. The current use is BSH-BNCT, the maximum dose is 50 mg/kg. These two small-molecule carriers are sufficient for the treatment of common tumors. However, as the tumorigenesis and progression are multifactorial, personalized medicine for cancer therapy has emerged, and high-dose BNCT is used to eliminate local and limited recurrence tumors and is gradually used for remission and palliation in patients with advanced-stage tumors [31, 32, 33, 34]. For these advanced-stage tumors, the maximum dose of BNCT is 100 mg/kg. For patients with these advanced-stage tumors, whether the high BNCT dose can cause negative reaction remains the most important problem. For patients with advanced tumors, the maximum dose for BNCT is 15 times higher than that of BPA and 50 times higher than that of BSH. How to achieve this goal is a major challenge in the field of high-dose BNCT. Boron carriers with high concentration and tumor specificity are needed. Boron containing nano-drugs have a number of advantages over small-molecule carriers. It has a high boron concentration and can achieve high tumor selectivity through the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor [35], and more importantly, it can be targeted to the tumor-targeting group through targeted drug delivery [36, 37, 38]. Boron containing nano-drugs have a number of advantages over small-molecule carriers.
The current boron carriers are not specific enough, so there is still much room for further research and development on boron carriers. Boron carriers can be divided into two categories: boron containing small molecules and boron containing nano-drugs [29].
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